What is the primary purpose of segmentation in network security?

The primary purpose of segmentation in network security is to divide a network into smaller, manageable subnetworks, each with its own security policies and controls. This method enhances security by limiting the attack surface and containing any potential breaches within a specific segment. With segmentation, if an attacker gains access to one part of the network, they are unable to easily move laterally to other segments. This helps in protecting sensitive data and critical systems while also simplifying compliance with regulatory requirements by applying different security measures tailored to each segment.

Segmentation also improves performance and management. It allows network administrators to isolate network traffic, reduce congestion, and improve the efficiency of security controls targeted to specific segments. This strategic approach encourages a layered security posture, which is fundamental to modern cybersecurity practices aimed at reducing risks and enhancing overall security resilience.