Which process involves transferring data or workloads from physical servers to cloud environments?

The process that involves transferring data or workloads from physical servers to cloud environments is known as physical-to-virtual migration. This methodology is essential in modern infrastructure management, where organizations seek to leverage the benefits of cloud computing. It typically entails taking existing workloads running on physical servers and converting them into virtual machines that can be hosted in cloud environments.

Physical-to-virtual migration allows for more efficient resource utilization, as virtual machines can be scaled up or down based on demand and can run on less physical hardware. Additionally, this process supports disaster recovery efforts and provides flexibility in deploying applications in various cloud settings.

In contrast to this process, the other options do not specifically describe the migration from physical hardware to cloud environments. Containerization, for example, focuses on packaging applications and their dependencies into containers for more consistent deployment, while virtualization generally refers to creating virtual versions of hardware resources but does not necessarily imply a migration to the cloud. Server consolidation involves reducing the number of physical servers by running multiple workloads on fewer machines, which may not involve migrating to the cloud at all.